Facial skin care requires special attention from us. In adolescence, the skin on the face can suffer from acne, wrinkles appear with age. And therefore, facial care is necessary not only when some problems appear, but as a daily prevention. Facial skin care consists of the following stages: cleansing ( peeling ), moisturizing, toning and nutrition. Each person has his own specific type of face, the application of each of these stages depends on the type of facial skin. The moisture content and natural grease determine the type of skin: normal, dry, oily and combination.
Normal skin
Normal skin is typical for young people. Good blood circulation, normal moisture and oil content give the skin elasticity. It doesn’t flake much and is easier to keep fresh and clean. Normal skin has barely visible pores, there are no blackheads or red spots at all. Over time, normal skin becomes dry due to the aging process. Therefore, if you are naturally given normal skin, try to keep it in this condition as long as possible. As a rule, the aging process with proper facial care with normal skin becomes noticeable only after 30 years.
Oily skin
Oily skin is characterized by an oily sheen, which is formed by the production of excess sebum. This is especially noticeable in the forehead, wings of the nose and chin. As a rule, the pores in these areas are enlarged and covered with black dots. You can determine oily skin if, after a while after washing, you put tissue paper on your face. If stains remain on the paper, then naturally you have oily skin. The reasons for the increased secretion of sebum can be very different. This is an unhealthy diet, and overweight, and heavy sweating , and various disorders in the functioning of the endocrine glands. Special care for the face with oily skin is simply necessary, otherwise it causes a lot of inconvenience in everyday life. But the plus is that due to the abundant layer of sebum, wrinkles begin to appear only by the age of 45.
Dry skin
The main symptom of dry skin is a slower pace of the sebaceous glands. The skin looks dry, smooth, but at the same time, a certain tightness may be felt . This type of skin can be both young and aged, becoming dry due to aging. Dry skin is easily identified: after pressing with a finger, a red spot remains on it for a long time. Due to the lack of a protective film, the skin of the face loses the moisture it needs and is highly exposed to external influences (sunlight, dry air, sudden temperature changes). Therefore, facial treatment with dry skin requires additional moisture. Otherwise, wrinkles appear rather quickly on the face.
Combination skin
Combination skin is the result of improper facial care. Typically, the skin on the cheeks and around the eyes is dry. The rest of the face (forehead, nose, chin) is endowed with increased secretion from the sebaceous glands. Therefore, for face care with combination skin, it is necessary to use products for both dry and oily skin.
Now it is worth talking about the procedures required for facial skin care.
Peeling
Peeling is a skin cleansing procedure that removes the upper stratum corneum, i.e. the skin is renewed. Peeling is effectively used to rejuvenate the skin, remove fine wrinkles. In cosmetology, mechanical and chemical peels are distinguished.
It is important to remember that for proper face care, it is necessary not only to choose the most suitable method, but also to use it correctly. Therefore, whether it is applying a cream or ultrasonic peeling, everything should take place along massage lines from the middle of the forehead and from the nose to the temples, from the chin to the earlobes.
Mechanical peeling
Mechanical peeling can also be done at home; for this, special means are used – scrubs and gommages .
A scrub is a cream containing abrasives (small particles, such as crushed coconut or almond seeds) to “ scrape off ” the upper stratum corneum. These particles can be large, which is suitable for oily skin. To care for dry skin of the face, abrasives should be as small as possible, because she is more sensitive. Otherwise, the scrub will irritate your face. It is recommended to use a facial scrub for people with oily skin no more than 2 times a week. Dry skin of the face cannot withstand heavy loads, so a reasonable care is to apply it every two weeks. If you have pimples or other rashes on your face, it is better to choose another method of care.
The scrub “scratches” the skin of the face, damaging acne and spreading the infection to the surrounding areas.
Gommage is a softer face care product. It does not contain small particles, the principle of its action is based on the formation of a crust upon drying. And when removing it by gently rolling it with your fingers, the gommage is removed along with the exfoliated skin. This product is more suitable for face care for people with very sensitive skin.
Brossage is a type of mechanical peeling. Facial care is carried out using rotating brushes. The face should be free of makeup. With the help of a brassage, not only the upper dead layer of cells is removed, but also blood circulation is stimulated .
For face care, you can also use ultrasonic peeling. Its essence lies in the fact that moisturized skin is processed using ultrasonic waves. The process is absolutely harmless and painless. The advantage of ultrasonic peeling over other mechanical types of facial cleansing is that the upper keratinous peels are exfoliated and young cells are not damaged. Ultrasonic peeling also improves blood circulation.
Laser peeling is performed only on a professional level in cosmetic clinics. The procedure consists in “burning” the upper layer of the skin with a laser, while anesthesia is performed . The advantages of this facial treatment technique are that you can remove not only the smallest wrinkles, but also affect hard-to-reach places (for example, the skin around the eyes). Laser peeling is effective for removing scars (the effects of acne breakouts). But after it is carried out, the skin needs about a month to recover. The reason is that deep laser peeling causes not only the evaporation of dead cells, but also blood clotting in rejuvenated skin. If you do a superficial laser face resurfacing, then the recovery period will be reduced to several days.
Chemical peeling
Chemical peels are also an effective facial treatment. It is based on the use of products that include various acids. Depending on the degree of penetration into the skin in cosmetology, superficial, medium and deep chemical peels are distinguished.
Superficial peeling is carried out using fruit,
glycolic acids.
Peeling with fruit acids (the so-called enzyme) is recommended for facial care as a prevention of aging. Or for serious problems, enzyme peels can be used in combination with other beauty treatments. The exfoliation is very gentle and the skin looks healthier. Just keep in mind that it is advisable to use as little chemicals as possible to care for dry skin. Due to hypersensitivity, some of the chemical components can cause an allergic reaction.
Glycolic peeling is effective for removing fine wrinkles and the effects of acne. To prepare for the glycolic peeling, two weeks before the procedure, the face is treated with a weak solution of glycolic acid. In the beauty salon, a weak solution is also preliminarily applied, and then directly the glycol gel. The process is accompanied by a slight burning sensation. After a few minutes, the gel is washed off with a neutralizing solution. A slight reddening of the skin is possible, after a few it disappears. After a glycolic peel, it is imperative to use moisturizers for facial care.
Medium peeling touches the deeper layers of the skin. Median peels include yellow and TCA peels.
For yellow peeling, as well as for glycolic, there is a two-week preparation. The procedure itself involves the application of a yellow mask. The burning sensation is greater than with superficial peeling. After finishing within two days, the skin will be slightly reddened, and after that the old cells will begin to peel off and the skin will look fresh. Yellow peels are used for facial treatments to get rid of fine lines and wrinkles. It also helps to smooth deeper expression lines.
TCA peeling is carried out with trichloroacetic acid, its action is more aggressive. For facials, trichloroacetic acid is applied and held until a white film appears on the skin. After this procedure, the redness on the face can last up to two weeks. But as a result, you will not only get rid of many wrinkles, but also make your skin more elastic.
Phenol is used for deep peeling. Its use can only be entrusted to specialists, since the procedure is painful and, if used incorrectly, is life-threatening. The recovery period is from three to six months.
Deep peeling is recommended only for people of old age. Until the age of 50, it is advisable to use a medium or superficial peeling for face care.
For facial care after cleansing, the following procedures are required.
Skin toning
The remains of the peeling cream are removed with a tonic. It additionally cleanses the pores and tightens them, while restoring the acid-base balance. You can also use toner to remove makeup from your face. If you have oily or normal skin type, it may be enough to use only a toner for your face. And if your skin type is dry, then the toner is applied in a pair of moisturizing cream.
Moisturizing the skin
After that, for a full-fledged skin care, it is necessary to moisturize it. The creams contain nourishing, moisturizing and emollient ingredients. A moisturizer must be applied to the face before applying makeup. It helps to retain moisture while leaving the skin softer.
Skin nutrition
It is recommended to use a night cream to nourish the skin. Such care is especially necessary with age due to the slowdown of all processes in the body. Therefore, in order for the skin of the face to receive more nutrients from the blood, it is recommended to use a night cream. It, like a day cream for face care, should only be used on cleansed skin.
Funds for these procedures should be selected according to the recommendations of cosmetologists. After all, each organism is individual and requires a special approach. Even people with the same skin type may not always work with the same products. Therefore, not least when choosing products for face care, you need to focus on your personal feelings. In any case, it is worth choosing cosmetic care that has a milder regenerating effect. In other words, use drastic remedies as a last resort. And for daily face care the complex “tonic-moisturizing cream” is quite enough. And only once every one to two weeks use a scrub or gommage .
And then the skin on your face will always look fresh and well-groomed!